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Critical thinking
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Reading
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Listening
Initiation: Vite of passage
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Graduation
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Recruit
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Training
- The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain
is an 1876 novel
about a young boy growing up along the Mississippi River. It is set in the fictional town
of St. Petersburg, inspired by Hannibal, Missouri, where Twain lived.
Frances Hodgson Burnett
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Frances
Eliza Hodgson Burnett (24 November 1849 – 29 October 1924) was an English-American novelist
and playwright.
She is best known for the three children's novels Little Lord Fauntleroy (published in 1885–1886), A Little Princess (1905), and The Secret Garden
(1911).
Frances
Eliza Hodgson was born in Cheetham,
England. After her father died in 1852, the family fell on straitened
circumstances and in 1865 immigrated to the United States, settling near Knoxville,
Tennessee. There Frances began writing to help earn money for the family,
publishing stories in magazines from the age of 19. In 1870, her mother died,
and in 1872 Frances married Swan Burnett, who became a medical doctor. The
Burnetts lived for two years in Paris, where their two sons were born, before
returning to the United States to live in Washington, D.C., Burnett then
began to write novels, the first of which (That Lass o' Lowrie's), was
published to good reviews. Little Lord Fauntleroy was published in
1886 and made her a popular writer of children's fiction, although her
romantic adult novels written in the 1890s were also popular. She wrote and
helped to produce stage versions of Little Lord Fauntleroy and A Little
Princess.
In
1936 a memorial sculpture by Bessie Potter Vonnoh was erected in her honour
in Central Park's Conservatory Garden. The
statue depicts her two famous Secret Garden characters, Mary and
Dickon.
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Little Lord Fauntleroy
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Little Lord Fauntleroy is a novel
by the English-American
writer Frances
Hodgson Burnett, her first children's novel. It was
published as a serial in St. Nicholas Magazine from
November 1885 to October 1886, then as a book by Scribner's (the publisher of St.
Nicholas) in 1886. The illustrations by Reginald B. Birch set fashion
trends and the novel set a precedent in copyright law when Burnett won a lawsuit in 1888
against E. V. Seebohm over the rights to theatrical adaptations of the work.
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The Secret Garden
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The Secret Garden is a novel
by Frances
Hodgson Burnett. It was initially published in serial form beginning in 1910, and
first published in its entirety in 1911. It is now one of Burnett's most popular
novels, and considered a classic of English children's literature. Several
stage and film adaptations have been made.
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- Cholera outbreaks and pandemics (流行病)
Although much is known about the mechanisms behind the spread of cholera,
this has not led to a full understanding of what makes cholera outbreaks happen
some places and not others. Lack of treatment of human feces
and lack of treatment of drinking water greatly facilitate its spread. Bodies
of water have been found to serve as a reservoir, and seafood shipped long distances can
spread the disease. Cholera did not occur in the Americas for most of the 20th
century after the early 1900s in New York City. It reappeared in the Caribbean
toward the end of that century and seems likely to persist.
Young adult fiction
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Themes
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Some
issues discussed in young adult literature include: friendship, love, race, money, divorce,
relationships within families. "The culture that surrounds and
absorbs young adults plays a huge role in their lives. Young adult literature
explores themes important and crucial to adolescence such as relationships to
authority figures, peer pressure and ensuing experimentations, issues of
diversity as it relates to gender, sociocultural, and/or socioeconomic
status. Primarily, the focus is centered on a young lead character and
the reader experiences emotions, situations, and the like through this
character and is able to see how these problems/situations are resolved. It
also needs to play a significant role in how we approach this group and the
books we offer them to read".
Other
themes include:
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Characteristics
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l 騎士文學 (Knight
Literature)
騎士文學是以描寫騎士生活、事跡為主的文學,主要在中世紀盛行。
Sancho Panza
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Sancho Panza
Sancho Panza is a fictional character in the novel Don Quixote written by Spanish author
Don Miguel de
Cervantes Saavedra in 1605. Sancho acts as squire to
Don Quixote, and provides comments throughout the novel, known as sanchismos,
that are a combination of broad humour, ironic Spanish proverbs,
and earthy wit. "Panza"
in Spanish means "belly"
Sancho Panza offers interpolated narrative voice
throughout the tale, a literary convention invented by Cervantes. Sancho
Panza is precursor to "the sidekick," and is symbolic of
practicality over idealism. Sancho is the everyman,
who, though not sharing his master's delusional "enchantment" until
late in the novel, remains his ever-faithful companion realist, and functions
as the clever sidekick. Salvador de
Madariaga detected that, as the book progresses, there is a
"Quixotization" of Sancho and a "Sanchification" of Don
Quixote, so much that, when the knight recovers sanity on his deathbed, it is
Sancho who tries to convince him to become pastoral shepherds.
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Don Quixote
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Before
a fit of madness turned Alonso Quijano into
Don Quixote, Sancho Panza was indeed his servant. When the novel begins Sancho has been married
for a long time to a woman named Teresa Cascajo and has a daughter, María
Sancha (also named Marisancha, Marica, María, Sancha and Sanchica),
who is said to be old enough to be married. Sancho's wife is described more
or less as a feminine version of Sancho, both in looks and behaviour. When
Don Quixote proposes Sancho to be his squire, neither he nor his family
strongly oppose it.
Sancho is
illiterate and proud of it but by influence of his new master he
develops considerable knowledge about some books. Sancho instead provides the
earthly wisdom of Spanish proverbs, surprising his master. During the travels
with Don Quixote he keeps contact with his wife by dictating letters
addressed to her.
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The Lord of the Rings is an
epic high-fantasy
novel written by English author J. R. R. Tolkien. The story began as a sequel to
Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel The
Hobbit,
but eventually developed into a much larger work. Written in stages between
1937 and 1949, The Lord of the Rings is one of the best-selling
novels ever written, with over 150 million copies sold.
silver: magic
* 你要相信 沒有看見的事物 才叫信仰。
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