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2015年10月14日 星期三

西概Note week4

Ø   English is the only you employ to access information.
For example, we use it to study the reflection of Literature.

Ø   Continue “The Iliad”



          The Iliad is an ancient Greek epic poem in dactylic hexameter, traditionally attributed to Homer. Set during the Trojan War, the ten-year siege of the city of Troy (Ilium) by a coalition of Greek states, it tells of the battles and events during the weeks of a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles.

The Iliad is paired with something of a sequel, the Odyssey, also attributed to Homer. Along with the Odyssey, the Iliad is among the oldest extant works of Western literature, and its written version is usually dated to around the eighth century BC. It is written in Homeric Greek, a literary amalgam of Ionic Greek and other dialects.

Ø   How to fight in Troy? One-on-one combat

Ø   Priam:
In Greek mythology, Priam was the king of Troy during the Trojan War.
Priam had many wives; his first was Arisbe, who had given birth to his son Aesacus, who met his death before the Trojan War. Priam later divorced her in favor of Hecuba, daughter of the Phrygian king Dymas. By his various wives and concubines Priam was the father of fifty sons and many daughters. Hector was Priam's eldest son by Hecuba, and heir to the Trojan throne. Paris, another son, was the cause of the Trojan War. Other children of Priam and Hecuba include the prophetic Helenus and Cassandra; eldest daughter Ilione; Deiphobus; Troilus; Polites; Creusa, wife of Aeneas; Laodice, wife of Helicaon; Polyxena, who was slaughtered on the grave of Achilles; and Polydorus, his youngest son.

Ø   In medias res
A tale beginning in medias res opens in the midst of action. Often, exposition is bypassed and filled in gradually, either through dialogue, flashbacks or description of past events.
Works that employ in medias res often, though not always, subsequently use flashback and nonlinear narrative for exposition of earlier events in order to fill in the backstory. 

Ø   Hephaestus :天國唯一鐵匠
The Greek god of blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metals, metallurgy, fire and volcanoes. Hephaestus' Roman equivalent is Vulcan. In Greek mythology, Hephaestus was the son of Zeus and Hera, the king and queen of the gods. In another version, he was rejected by his mother because of his deformity and thrown out of heaven and down to earth.






Ø   Syllable
1.          pyr- hot; fire
2.          pyre 葬禮
3.          initial →happening at the beginning of a process, or when you first see or hear about something
4.          outrageous → very shocking or unreasonable
5.          enchanted → affected by special magic powers
6.          vulnerable → someone who is vulnerable is weak or easy to hurt physically or mentally







2015年10月8日 星期四

英文字彙與字源Note week3

  • vocabulary
Ø   Cap-: head 

1.          Caption → words printed near or on a picture that explain something about the picture
2.          Capital → the city where a country or region has its government

3.          Capitol → the building in the main city of each US state where government officials meet to make state laws

Dis-:not, apart
Discretion → good sense

Jell-o
1.果醬 2. sb暱稱

De-:down, away from
1.          Despondent → very unhappy because you do not believe that an unpleasant situation will improve
2.          Depressed → you feel very unhappy because of a difficult or unpleasant situation that you feel you cannot change

Estrange (V) → Drive away, get rid of

被罵的程度:Berate→ scold→ blame

Sub-:under (下)
1.          Subsidized → to pay some of the cost of goods or services so that they can be sold to other people at a lower price
2.          Subway →a tunnel that people can walk through to go under a street 
  • video (how to learn any language in six months)


five principle

  • first

  • second:use your landuage
  • third:understand the message
  • forth:physical training
  • last:state

seven steps

  1. listen a lot
  2. focus
  3. start mixing
  4. focus on the core
  5. the tool box (for example→ simple communication, clue words, get a language partner)
  6. copy the face
  7. direct connect

2015年10月7日 星期三

西概Note week3

  • Achilles
In Greek mythology, Achilles was a Greek hero of the Trojan War and the central character and greatest warrior of Homer's Iliad. His mother was the nymph Thetis, and his father, Peleus, was the king of the Myrmidons.
  • Achilles’s heel : 致命傷
It is a weakness in spite of overall strength, which can actually or potentially lead to downfall.

  • THE Golden Apple of Discord
The origin:
It’s about Peleus and Thetis's wedding reception, they invited a group of higher-God.
But they didn’t invite disputes the jurisdiction of the goddess Eris . So Eris leave a large ornate gold Apple in the banquet, inscribed word meaning "dedicated to the most beautiful goddess". The most beautiful of the three goddesses: Athena, Aphrodite and Hera, involved in disputes arising from Golden Apples, they ask Zeus who can obtain the golden apples. Zeus believes that one handsome who is suitable as a judge to the puzzle. So, days after Hera, Athena and Aphrodite find Paris for arbitration. Paris symbol will be "the most beautiful goddess," the Golden Apple to the goddess Aphrodite, because she promised Paris would win the most beautiful woman, Helen’s love. This has since been known as "the disputes caused by the Golden Apple."
  • The plot:


2015年10月1日 星期四

英文字彙與字源學Note week2



  •  Syllable

Pre- to say; to tell words

1.          preface → an introductory of a book or speech.

2.          predict → to tell in advance.

3.          presume → to think something is true but you are not sure.

4.          pretext → a reason that you pretend to have in order to hide your real reason or intention.

For example: He refused to see them on pretext.

       Con- with; together

1.          context → the general situation in which something happens, which helps to explain it

For example: Crime has to be studied in its social contexts

→ the words surrounding a particular word that help to give it its meaning

2.          conduct → personal behavior; way of acting

3.          conclude → to say in conclusion

Ann- year

annual fee : 年費

anniversary →a date when you celebrate something that happened in a previous year that is important to you
annuity → a fixed amount of money that someone receives regularly each year



  • What is literature for?



















  • literature is the greatest “reality simulator”


1.          It saves you time
2.          It makes you nicer
3.          It’s a cure for loneliness

4.          It prepares you for failure

  •        十分鐘讀懂英文史

























2015年9月30日 星期三

西概Note week2


  • syllable
Em- :out
Emerge → to come out of something or out from behind something

Dia- :go through
1.          Dialogue → a process in which two people or groups have discussions in order to solve problems
2.          Dialect → a way of speaking a language that is used only in a particular area or by a particular group
3.          Diagnosis → a statement about what disease someone has, based on examining them
4.          Diameter → a straight line that crosses a circle through the center, or the length of this line

De- :down,away from
1.          Deport → to send someone out of a country, usually because they do not have a legal right to be there
2.          Departure → an occasion when someone leaves a place, for example to go on a journey (啟程)
3.          Decline → to become less or worse
4.          Depreciate → to become less valuable than before


Mono- :one
Monotheism → belief in only one God (一神信仰)
(one) (god)

Poly- :many (多個)
1.         Polytheism → the belief that there is more than one god
2.          Polygamy → the custom of having more than one husband or wife at the same time in societies where this is legal

Monopoly → something that only one person or group of people has

-ium;-eum :框線起來的範圍
1.          Millennium → the beginning of a period of 1,000 years (千禧年)
2.          Aquarium →a glass or plastic container that fish and other water animals are kept in
Aquar- 水
3.          Coliseum → (羅馬競技場)
4.          Museum → a building where many valuable and important objects are kept so that people can go and see them
5.          Equilibrium → a situation in which there is a balance between different forces or aspects

6.          Auditorium  → the part of a theatre, cinema etc where the audience sits (禮堂)

Audi- VS Spec-
Audi- :to listen
Auditorium
Audience → a group of people who have come to a place to see or hear a film, performance, speech;The people who watch a sports match or other large event are usually called spectators or the crowd

Spec- :to look
1.          Spectator → someone who watches a public activity or event, especially a sports event
2.          Inspect → to look at something carefully in order to check that it is correct or good enough
3.          Perspective → a way of thinking about something

Ø  Lyre
The lyre is a string instrument known for its use in Greek classical antiquity and later periods. The lyre is similar in appearance to a small harp but with distinct differences. The word comes via Latin from the Greek (七弦琴)
l  Lyrics → the words of a song

Ø  Owl (貓頭鷹)
The modern West generally associates owls with wisdom. This link goes back at least as far as Ancient Greece, where Athens, noted for art and scholarship, and Athena, Athens' patron goddess and the goddess of wisdom, had the owl as a symbol.

Ø  Atreus
In Greek mythology, Atreus was a king of Mycenae in the Peloponnese, the son of Pelops and Hippodamia, and the father of Agamemnon and Menelaus. Collectively, his descendants are known as Atreidai or Atreidae.

Ø  Thebes
Thebes is a city in Boeotia, central Greece. It played an important role in Greek myth, as the site of the stories of Cadmus, Oedipus, Dionysus and others. Archaeological excavations in and around Thebes have revealed a Mycenaean settlement and clay tablets written in the Linear B script, indicating the importance of the site in the Bronze Age.



Ø  Oedipus


Oedipus was a mythical Greek king of Thebes, the son and killer of Laius, son and consort of Jocasta, and father and sibling of Polynices, Eteocles, Antigone, and Ismene. A tragic hero in Greek mythology, Oedipus accidentally fulfilled the prophecy, despite his efforts not to, that he would end up killing his father and marrying his mother, thereby bringing disaster to his city and family. When the truth was discovered, his wife-mother hanged herself, and Oedipus gouged out his own eyes. They had four children together. The story of Oedipus is the subject of Sophocles's tragedy Oedipus the King, which was followed by Oedipus at Colonus and then Antigone. Together, these plays make up Sophocles's three Theban plays. Oedipus represents two enduring themes of Greek myth and drama: the flawed nature of humanity and an individual's role in the course of destiny in a harsh universe.

Ø  Altar
An altar is any structure upon which offerings such as sacrifices and worship are made for religious purposes. Altars are usually found at shrines, and they can be located in temples, churches and other places of worship. Today they are used particularly in Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, Shinto, Taoism, as well as in Neopaganism and Ceremonial Magic. Judaism used such a structure until the destruction of the Second Temple. Many historical faiths also made use of them, including Greek and Norse religion.











Ø  Theatre of Dionysus(酒神)
A The Theatre of Dionysus Eleuthereus is a major open-air theatre and one of the earliest preserved in Athens. It is considered the first theatre in the world. It was used for festivals in honor of the god Dionysus.

Ø  Asclepius(醫神)
A god of medicine in ancient Greek religion and mythology. Asclepius represents the healing aspect of the medical arts; his daughters are Hygieia ("Hygiene", the goddess/personification of health, cleanliness, and sanitation), Iaso (the goddess of recuperation from illness), Aceso (the goddess of the healing process), Aglæa/Ægle (the goddess of beauty, splendor, glory, magnificence, and adornment), and Panacea (the goddess of universal remedy). He was associated with the Roman/Etruscan god Vediovis. He was one of Apollo's sons, sharing with Apollo the epithet Paean ("the Healer").The rod of Asclepius, a snake-entwined staff, remains a symbol of medicine today. Those physicians and attendants who served this god were known as the Therapeutae of Asclepius.